On the ninth of September, nineteen forty four the ruling power in Bulgaria was seized by the Fatherland Front. The changes within the state during that time led to changes in the local governments as well.
Right on September the ninth the new government appointed Anton Lekov as a mayor of Yambol. One of his main tasks had been to render support to the poor soldiers’ families, to open social canteens and shelters.
For the period nineteen forty five, nineteen forty eight, mayor of Yambol had been Mara Atanasova who was also the first woman mayor of Bulgaria.

From the end of  nineteen forty seven a totalitarian system had been established, where the Party imposed to people its ideology by means of mass propaganda, political violence and administrative pressure. Then banks, mining and industrial companies were nationalized. Relatively big companies were founded in the place of the factories; small manufactures had been gradually liquidated and producer cooperatives were created.
In nineteen fifty nine the district of Yambol was established, embracing three towns and one hundred thirty nine villages with about two hundred and thirty thousand of population. The same year witnessed the commissioning of a dairy factory and a new refrigeration plant.

Along with an intensive industrial development during that time, cultural, commercial, administrative and residential buildings had been constructed. The most impressive of them were Diana sports hall, the Post Palace, the Trade Union Center, the Party House, Tundzha Hotel, the Bus Station and Vaptsarov cinema hall.
The city public transport had marked an advancement. The first train departure took place in nineteen fifty one along the railway line stretching from the city to the railway station. In nineteen sixty seven the construction of a new bus station for passengers was launched with a covered platform and by making the railway line from Yambol to Karnobat double, the number of trains had also been doubled.

Changes affected also education where one of the first initiatives was the Ordinance to purge teaching staff. During the academic year nineteen forty four, nineteen forty five, six teachers had been removed from school, charged with fascist activities.

In order to render support to students, a social care service was established at the municipality. In the tailoring workshops, more than six hundred fifty overcoats were made of old military greatcoats, intended for poor students. Students’ canteens were opened, free textbooks were distributed.

Training courses were opened for workers, craftsmen and administrative workers who could not complete their secondary education.

In the place of the practical Agricultural school the Secondary Vocational School of Mechanization of Agriculture was founded. More schools were opened – for machine operators, for metal treatment, house construction and textile. Then another Secondary Vocational school in Food Industry was opened. The Teachers’ Institute was founded in nineteen sixty four. A professional school of Industrial Chemistry and a school of Road Transport were opened. In nineteen seventy one the Gymnasium of Mathematics was founded.
The library network and the amateur art activities marked significant growth. Museum activities also had successful development due to the Museum of Yambol, opened in nineteen fifty two.  Those were the years when the Drama Theater of Yambol had been established. In nineteen fifty four the Thracian Ensemble for national songs and dances was created.

Since nineteen fifty nine Yambol has opened a District Library and the same year the District State Archives were founded.

The State Puppet Theater was opened in nineteen seventy one. The feasts of music called Golden Diana that dated as far back as from nineteen sixty eight, have become emblematic for the city even to the present day.
In the summer of nineteen seventy two archeological excavations at the ancient city Kabile were initiated and in nineteen seventy nine the Gallery of Arts was opened.

Efforts to improve health care have also been made. In nineteen forty six an outpatient department was established and in nineteen forty nine a shelter was constructed for children of people who affected by the war. The hospital was extended by an emergency department. A new orphanage and a new MDT laboratory opened their doors in brand new buildings.

In nineteen fifty there were five voluntary sport organizations in Yambol. The most popular sport during that time was football, therefore in nineteen fifty the construction of the sport stadium Nikolay Luskov was launched. Later on the five sport organizations united in one unit for physical culture with the name Nikolay Luskov. Many well known Bulgarian athletes started their sport careers there.
That was how the life of Yambol was developing in the time of socialism.